In this article we learn how to use NAND Gates from the IV 4093 or any other similar IC consisting of NAND gates.
大约IC 4093
IC 4093可能没有复杂的规格和属性，但它提出了许多有用的实用程序。它由一些基本块组成，可以根据个人喜好进行配置，并用于许多不同的应用程序。
Externally the IC 4093 looks quite an ordinary dual in line type of IC.
它由14个针头组成，有4个CMOS块内部嵌入其包装中。
These blocks are called gates, here these are termed NAND gates.
理解和使用NAND门of IC 4093 is simple and there’s nothing complicated about these gates.
You can imagine them as an electronic component having a couple of inputs and a single output, quite like a transistor, but these gates are embedded inside a package and are not individual components like transistors.
However the above explained gates are entirely different with their characteristics compared to linear devices like transistors.
The gates are simply made to produce specified sets of output voltages in response to the particular specified sets of input voltage commands.
考虑一个单个NAND门，该门将具有两个输入和一个输出。
为两个输入提供正电压；您在输出引脚处得到负电压。
在输入上施加负或接地电压，并且在输出处获得正电压。
在输入引脚处施加相反的电压水平不会对输出产生影响，并且其电压保持阳性。
The information tells us about thelogical propertyNAND门的大门，通常以真相表的形式给出。
重要的是要注意，应始终以确定的电压级别应用输入，并且不能打开。
绝对最大等级
以下评分表明，在任何情况下，使用IC 4093时，最大值和最小值不得超过，以避免对IC的永久损害
- VDD销售电压在引脚＃14 = -0.5至 +22V
- VIDC输入电压= -0.5至VDD + 0.5
- II直流输入电流=±10 mA
- PD Power dissipation per package = 200 mW
- PD Power dissipation per output transistor = 100 mW
- Top工作温度-55至 +125°C
- Tstg存储温度-65至+150
如何使用
IC 4093可以根据真实表功能以及响应GATE输入逻辑或电压的响应而使用的GATE输出的工作。
输出引脚通常用于触发电子电路中的下一个阶段，但是它不会带来任何关键，并且如果保持打开状态不会损坏IC。
However, the applied voltage to the inputs of the gates should never exceed the supply voltage to the IC which in turn should be within the specified range, normally within 2 to 15 volts.
根据CMOS大门，未定义的电压水平在0.75和2.5伏以内。上述2.5上方的任何东西都被认为是逻辑1或逻辑高，而0.75以下的任何东西都被认为是逻辑0或逻辑低。
什么是施密特触发器
Although the functioning of IC 4093 is exactly same as any ordinaryNAND大门, and even the truth table figures are exactly identical, yet the IC 4093 is referred to as schmitt trigger. Why?
这是因为,IC 4093门输出物ponse to an input signal lags with a small time delay, which ensures that the output is never influenced by accidental, or stray input signal variations, rather the output response are created only to genuine input signals. This function happens due to the internalhysteresis effectIC的属性。
For example, suppose a very short momentary pulse is applied to the gate input, which may be just around the threshold of a genuine input logic pulse level.
Such pulses will be ignored by the 4093 schmitt trigger gates, since the slight delay in the output response will cause the gate to wait until the signal is detected to be above the correct thresholds. In this situation the output of the gate will remain stable and unchanged.
对于门的磁滞延迟边缘，门输出状态仅在检测到真正的输入脉冲（保持始终高或低）后才改变状态。
Application Circuit
A simple twin alternate LED flasher circuit is shown above using a single IC 4093. The LEDs will flash alternately, and the flashing speed, or the frequency can be adjusted through the P1 pot.
The R2, and R3 will depend on the number of LEDs used, and the supply voltage. These can be set by using the following formula:
R = supply voltage - total LED forward voltage / LED current
for a standard single LED the forward voltage can be assumed to be 3.3V, for 2 in series this will be 6.6 and so on.
Small Running LED Effect
如下图所示，可以使用单个4093 IC生成一个小而紧凑的运行LED效果。
连接的LED将看起来像一个圆圈，其速度将取决于电容器C1，C2，C3和电阻R1，R2，R3。
You can increase or decrease these components to adjust the running frequency of the LEDs.
Sir I want to know about inver circuit design
谢谢你，先生
ive been googling all the time on what appliances that uses IC 4093 coz it is not available in electronics store here and maybe it would be much more easy if can find one appliance/device
ant suggestion on what appliance device where i can find this IC 4093? coz it aint available here in electronic shops. thank you
此IC可以具有大量的应用程序和配置，因此无法预测哪些设备可能正在使用此IC
我可以和晶体管一起做吗？
我可以用晶体管做到这一点吗？因为我的位置不可用
what do you intend to make??
亲爱的斯瓦加塔姆先生，我想知道您的三型电压稳定剂中高压的哪些组件剪裁。是电压调节器吗？谢谢，问候，威廉·希克曼
亲爱的威廉，请在相关文章下发布问题。所以我可以参考该图并回复
Thanks a lot Mr swagata i have found most of your post very helpful,i never knew there could be site
您是最欢迎的救星，请继续访问我的网站，并在需要时收取费用
非常感谢您教我们如何理解和使用4093。这有很大帮助。
很高兴它为您提供了帮助，您也可以加入我们的论坛，以独家的方式学习……
//m.addme-blog.com/community/electronic-circuit-forum/
Hi Mr SWAGATAM
I’l be very happy if you provide me a schematic of IC 4093 used to swith on special lights when the dark is on and swith them off when the dark is off I mean when I swith ON the lights of my room those special lights comes OFF and vis versa perpetualy.
nota: the special lights are using + 24 V through an LVPS witch is connected to AC line 220V
I wish you anderstand me
美好时光
Hi Rabah, You can find the design in the second diagram from the following article:
//m.addme-blog.com/how-to-make-light-activated-day-night/
However with 24V input you will have regulate it to 12V for the circuit. The lights can be wired through the relay using the 24V supply sepatately.
无论结果如何，您都是一个真正的人。
I will give you a summary on my work o, the project once finished and tested
Nice day MAN
嗨，斯瓦加塔姆先生
The LVPS can provids me all the low tensions and:
I could be interested by the first Diagram too but values of parts are missing on the second Diagram neither on the first one
R1, VR1, LDR, R2, R3, D1–D4 for the first Diagram for exemple
R1，R2，P1，T1用于示例的第二图
请告诉我如何获得他们
谢谢你。你的耐心
谢谢Rabah，我在链接的文章中更新了零件列表，您可以检查一下。
If you have any problems, please comment under the linked article, I’ll try to solve your problems there.
Hello Sir, Can you tell me please, the difference between IC CD4047BD & IC CD 4077BE?
Hello Pankaj, IC 4077 is a CMOS quad 2-input Exclusive-NOR Gate while 4047 is an oscillator iC, both are completely different with their function and application.